Cell Painting, a high-content image-based assay for morphological profiling using multiplexed fluorescent dyes

Cell Painting, a high-content image-based assay for morphological profiling using multiplexed fluorescent dyes

Mark-Anthony Bray, Shantanu Singh,1 Han Han, Chadwick T. Davis, Blake Borgeson,2 Cathy Hartland, Maria Kost-Alimova, Sigrun M. Gustafsdottir, Christopher C. Gibson and Anne E. Carpenter

n morphological profiling, quantitative data are extracted from microscopy images of cells to identify biologically relevant similarities and differences among samples based on these profiles. This protocol describes the design and execution of experiments using Cell Painting, a morphological profiling assay multiplexing six fluorescent dyes imaged in five channels, to reveal eight broadly relevant cellular components or organelles. Cells are plated in multi-well plates, perturbed with the treatments to be tested, stained, fixed, and imaged on a high-throughput microscope. Then, automated image analysis software identifies individual cells and measures ~1,500 morphological features (various measures of size, shape, texture, intensity, etc.) to produce a rich profile suitable for detecting subtle phenotypes. Profiles of cell populations treated with different experimental perturbations can be compared to suit many goals, such as identifying the phenotypic impact of chemical or genetic perturbations, grouping compounds and/or genes into functional pathways, and identifying signatures of disease. Cell culture and image acquisition takes two weeks; feature extraction and data analysis take an additional 1-2 weeks.